Linear Amplifier
What is an electronic linear component?
What is an electronic linear component? I saw this in a Texas Instruments page, and it is listed together with an Amplifier, but it doesn’t say what is a linear component?
It means the output is proportional to the input and with minimal distortion.
In others words, what you put in the input of the amplifier you will have in the output but bigger or more powerful.
Bob is not right, there are many analog components (not digital) which are not linear: not linear amplifier, modulator, oscillators, rectifiers, curve shapers, peak holding circuits and so on.
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Vintage Yaesu Linear Amp FL-2100, FL-2100B RCA adapter $9.95 |
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linear amp $46.00 |
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Unused Heathkit Manual for SB-200 Linear Amplifier in Very Good Condition, 1964 $4.99 |
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HENRY RADIO 4K Linear Amplifier with 5CX-1500 **PRISTINE CONDITION**RARE** $2,900.00 |
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Used Heathkit Manual for a Linear Amplifier, SB-221 in Very Good Condition 1978 $4.99 |
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Kenwood Linear Amplifier Buffer Relay Interface TS-950S TS-950SDX TS Ham Keyer $24.99 |
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Drake L-4B Linear Amplifier & L.4 PS $745.00 |
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RFC RF Concepts 3-211 220 Mhz VHF Linear Amplifier Amp HT VX-7R VX-8R HTs $132.50 |
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COLLINS S-LINE 30L-1 30S-1 HIGH VOLTAGE SAFETY SHORTING BAR LINEAR AMPLIFIER $24.99 |
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COLLINS S-LINE 30L-1 30S-1 HIGH VOLTAGE SAFETY SHORTING BAR LINEAR AMPLIFIER $24.99 |
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DRAKE L-4B BANDSWITCH (L-4 LINEAR AMPLIFIER) $75.00 |
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Dentron MLA2500 LINEAR Amplifier w/Plastic Covers $18.95 |
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DRAKE L.4B LINEAR AMPLIFIER $635.00 |
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1KW HF VHF LDMOS-FET AMPLIFIER MRF6VP11KH LINEAR $795.00 |
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HAM LINEAR AMPLIFIER MANUALS ON CD $10.00 |
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600W LDMOS-FET LINEAR AMPLIFIER $525.00 |
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8122 vacuum tubes for HF linear amplifier NCL-2000 or others e.t.c. $350.00 |
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ALLIED KNIGHT T-175 6/10 Meter Linear Amplifier – p/n 22-3463 $45.11 |
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SCARCE DENTRON CLIPPERTON QRO 2000 WATT PEP LINEAR AMPLIFIER $360.00 |
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Amplifier keying relay buffer interface TWO radios and 2 linear switching RBI-2a $69.95 |
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HENRY 2K 2KD 2KR CLASSIC Linear Amplifier Manual w/Plastic Covers $19.95 |
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HENRY 2K 2KD 2KR LINEAR Amplifier Manual w/Plastic Covers $18.95 |
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Alpha 76A Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL w/Plastic Covers $19.95 |
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Alpha 87A Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL w/Plastic Covers $22.95 |
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Alpha 86 Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL w/Plastic Covers $21.95 |
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Alpha 374 Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL w/Plastic Covers $20.95 |
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RM HLA 300 LINEAR AMPLIFIER SPARES OR REPAIRS $189.64 |
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New VLA 200v VHF 2 Meter Linear Amplifier with Fans $352.00 |
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NICE Vintage Heathkit Linear Amplifier SB-201 HF HAM Radio Amp Works! 200 $325.00 |
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DENTRON MLA2500 160M-10M HF LINEAR AMPLIFIER $450.00 |
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Heathkit SB 1000 Linear Amplifier + Manual! $490.00 |
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ALLIED KNIGHT T-175 6/10 Meter LINEAR AMPLIFIER Operating & Service reproduction $4.99 |
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15W FM Linear Amplifier Pallet Broadband $55.00 |
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RARE FIST 6MB-100 SIX METER LINEAR AMPLIFIER !! 6 $125.00 |
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DAVEMADE 2×8 10 Meter Mobile HF Ham amplifier/linear…..100% $780.00 |
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Ameritron ALS-600 NO TUNE FET Linear Amplifier $612.00 |
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Hump / Ceiling RADIO MOUNT RV Ham CB Stereo, Linear Amp Scanner Woofer speaker $18.49 |
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Eimac SK-506 Chimney for a Ham Radio Linear Amplifier 4-1000a Tube $26.55 |
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TE Systems 15035 VHF 2 Meter Linear Amplifier – Great for use on a Handheld $95.00 |
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Leece Neville Big Case Keydown 195 Amp AC Linear Amplifier CB Radio Alternator $9.99 |
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UTC Filament Transformer N-590A 6.3V @ 20A for large audio/ham linear amplifier $39.99 |
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National NCL-2000 Linear Amplifier Op & Service MANUAL w/Plastic Covers $21.95 |
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Heathkit Model SB-200 Linear Amplifier Manual $9.99 |
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Lunar 2 Meter Linear Amplifier Model 2M4-40P $10.00 |
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~~ Yaesu FL-2100 LINEAR Amplifier – Complete Manual $18.95 |
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HEATHKIT SB-201 LINEAR AMPLIFIER OPERATION AND ASSEMBLY MANUAL ORIGINAL. $10.00 |
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QRO HF-2500 QSK LINEAR AMPLIFIER BRAND NEW NEVER USED $3,795.00 |
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B&W Barker & Williamson LPA-1 Ham Radio HF SSB CW Linear Amplifier 813 Tubes vtg $70.00 |
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KLV 1000 HAM RADIO HIGH POWER LINEAR AMPLIFIER APRIL 2002 WORKS BUT NEEDS TUBES $560.00 |
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Wilmanco – 730 UHF Linear Amplifier $44.95 |
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Linear Amplifier – Worth-more 350 $51.00 |
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RF POWER LINEAR AMPLIFIER AM HF HAM RADIO $79.00 |
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Philips BLV32F – developed for linear amplifiers, lot of 4 pcs. $129.00 |
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140-150Mhz VHF Booster Linear Amplifier 2m 600 Watts $2,499.00 |
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SINGLE Golden Dragon 572B RF linear amplifier triode 811A $78.94 |
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SSB/CW HF LINEAR AMP 180W QRP,SDR,817’s $169.00 |
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CAPACITOR 2000 PF FOR HAM USE LINEAR AMPLIFIER 2 PCS $170.00 |
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YAESU FL-2100B HF RF 80-10 METER TUBE AMPLIFIER AM SSB 117V 220V LINEAR w MANUAL $479.95 |
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Linear Amplifier – Comet 200 – For Ham / Amateur Radio Transmitters $51.00 |
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Linear Amplifier Switch Replacements for Galaxy, Palomar,Tornado & Similar Amps $12.00 |
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Cobra CA-77 Power Microphone Noise Cancelling 4 pin works with Linear Amplifier $24.99 |
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Globe LA-1 Linear Amplifier Original Manual WRL $9.99 |
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RCA 400 WATT BAND III RF AMPLIFIER LINEAR AMP Amateur ham radio project ? $149.00 |
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Silver Plated Tank Coil ham radio rf linear amplifier hf $33.00 |
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Manual for E.F. JOHNSON CO. VIKING 6 N 2 THUNDERBOLT LINEAR POWER AMPLIFIER $14.99 |
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Eimac tube rma 4d21 4-125a linear amplifier tube new $12.50 |
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NEW RF Toshiba 2SC2879 CB HAM Radio Linear Amp Power AmplifierTransi​stor $33.00 |
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8 GA GAUGE WIRING KIT FOR LINEAR AMPLIFIERS $23.00 |
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Ten-Tec TITAN 425 HF Linear Amplifier Ham radio Amp w/ Power Supply $995.00 |
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~~~ Yaesu FL-7000 LINEAR Amplifier Manual ~~~ $17.95 |
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Broadcast FM Linear Amplifier Pallet for MRF151G – BFL278 – SD2932 $95.00 |
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GONSET GSB201 GSB-201 Model 3340 Linear Amplifier Instruction Manual $9.99 |
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Yaesu FL-2100 LINEAR Amplifier w/Plastic Covers $19.95 |
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Yaesu FL-7000 LINEAR Amplifier Manual w/Plastic Covers $19.95 |
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LINEAR AMPLIFIER SOFT START (120 Volt, Basic Model) $62.00 |
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RF POWER LINEAR AMPLIFIER PALLET AM SSB HF BAND HAM RADIO 2.5 – 4.0 MHz 100W PEP $99.00 |
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Ameritron AL-811 600 Watt Linear Amplifier $405.00 |
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MRF151G / BLF278 MOSFET LINEAR RF Amplifier $300.00 |
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RF POWER AM HF AMPLIFIER BOARD HAM RADIO LINEAR 500WATT $175.00 |
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MICOM-3 MICOM-2 MOBAT 120W LINEAR AMPLIFIER PA MODULE HF SSB FOR RESTORATION $89.99 |
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Replacement Dials and LED backlights for the Collins 30S-1 Ham Radio Linear amp. $39.99 |
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Johnson Viking Thunderbolt Linear Amplifier Manual $12.95 |
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Motorola CM-400 UHF Transmitter & CM-51 Linear Amplifier for Air Traffic Control $894.94 |
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LINEAR POWER AMPLIFIER PALLET FM 88-108MHZ 300W MRF151G $249.00 |
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144 MHz 2m VHF HAM RADIO LINEAR POWER AMPLIFIER BLF278 $249.00 |
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MRF141G MOSFET LINEAR RF Amplifier $285.00 |
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Icom IC-4KL HF Linear AMPLIFIER SERVICE MANUAL – Comb Bound $23.95 |
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2 – Linear Power Amplifier 900MHz MRF858 G=25dB Po=1W $20.00 |
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~~~~ Alpha 374 Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL $18.95 |
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~~~~ Alpha 86 Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL $19.95 |
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~~~~ Alpha 87A Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL $21.95 |
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~~~~ Alpha 76A Linear Amplifier OPERATION MANUAL $17.95 |
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GONSET GSB-101 HAM Radio linear amplifier model 3262 $295.00 |
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Dual Solid State HF Power Linear Amplifier $110.00 |
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Linear amplifier keying/PTT/switching cable Yaesu FT-817/857/897/450/950/840/847 $15.79 |
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Collins HF-8023 1Kw Linear Amplifier 600-2001-001 Analog Control Card $67.00 |
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Collins HF-8023 1Kw Linear Amplifier 642-3592-001 Rev Y Digital Control Card $70.00 |
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Collins HF-8023 1Kw Linear Amplifier 635-0745-001 Rev N HF-80 Interface Card $65.00 |
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CB Ham Radio Linear Amplifier No Soldering – Wire Glue $4.99 |
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170-230Mhz VHF TV Booster Linear Amplifier for 400 Watt $2,499.00 |
The Analog and Digital History of the Computer
In ‘History of the Computer – the emergence of Electronics’, we saw how the development of Radar during the second world war led to an understanding of pulse technology. At the same time methods were refined for the calculations required for the ballistic trajectories. From these beginnings, the digital computer was developed.
What is meant by ‘Analog’ and ‘Digital’? A couple of examples will explain the difference. An analog is something which is analogous, obviously, but you may know that an analogous process or function is one that is equivalent, or very similar to another one. An analogy is often used to explain, or to assist the understanding of, some new feature in terms that are understood.
For example a home electric circuit for house wiring to operate a lamp. The supply is controlled by a circuit breaker, when it is available at the outlet where the lamp is plugged. This can be compared to plumbing, where the water supply is controlled by a valve or tap on entering the home, then pipes carry the water to the kitchen, where the supply can be turned on or off by a tap or faucet, and is immediately available. The rate of flow of the water can be controlled, which is analogous to a dimmer on the lamp.
The analogy is not absolutely the same, but aids in the understanding of the electricity supply by someone who knows the plumbing system.
Digital, concerning digits or numbers, refers to the use of numbers to represent all things. As an example, a digital watch uses numbers to indicate the time. The numbers on the face of traditional watch are distributed around the dial, so that the hands pointing to them are analogous to the passage of time. For example the minute hand pointing straight down, half way through the circle of the clock, represents the passing of half an hour. If the hour hand is pointing to the number 3, this indicates 3 hours of the 12 for a complete circuit. When we learnt to tell the time we knew that this was half past three. The digital watch however says 3:30.
Closer to our topic, we can consider the evolution of the gramophone record. The vinyl LP was the standard medium for music recording and playing from the 1950s, tape recordings were also developed in parallel. Both these media use a modulation system, where the amplitude, or strength, of the modulation is proportional, or analogous, to the loudness of the original live singing or playing. This music had been converted by a microphone into a variable electrical signal, analogous to the sound.
With the invention in the 1980s of the Compact Disc, digital techniques were employed to represent the changes in sound levels, by using a sampling pulse to monitor the loudness of the sound. This sampling pulse is used at a high frequency, so that it is not audible, and traces the progress of the sound. The principle is analogous to the movie camera where a sequence of still pictures are shown at a rate of 32 frames per second, so that they appear to show a moving picture. Similarly a tv uses a frame rate of 50 or 60 per second (strictly speaking 25 0r 30 interlaced).
The big advantage of a digital recording and reproduction system (amplifiers etc are also digital) is that, due to the nature of the high frequency pulses, it is possible to copy them exactly when transferring from one medium to another, for example copying a from cd track to compilation cd. With an analogue system there are losses in every transfer, so that a recording on a cassette tape copied from a vinyl lp via a home stereo is noticeably poorer quality than the original.
A computer can also be analog or digital, though the digital type have vastly outgrown the analog. An analog computer might be used in research work, where, for instance a record may be made on a moving chart of the temperature and humidity in a room being air conditioned by a new design air conditioner, the chart could also be a display on screen. Either way, the graph is an analog representation of the temperature and pressure.
Early electronic controls in aircraft were run by a form of analog computer, the amount the ailerons moved was proportional to the movement of the joystick, but not directly proportional. A calculation was performed, which depended on the speed and height of the aircraft, and other factors. The electronic ‘boxes’ involved linear amplifiers and variable response circuits, all fed by sensors from the flight controls etc.
Subsequent articles in this series are concerned only with digital computers. We look at how they are put together, and how they perform, in simple steps, more and more advanced calculations.
About the Author
Information on deer bait can be found at the Facts About Deer site.
Wi-Fi/Bluetooth Front End Module IC suits handheld devices.
Model RF5755 includes 2.5 GHz power amplifier, multi-throw switch, low-noise amplifier, power detector coupler, as well as matching circuitry with output harmonic attenuation in 3 x 3 x 0.5 mm package. Product offers 20 dBm linear output power; switching between WiFi transmit, WiFi receive, or Bluetooth; and simultaneous receive of WiFi and Bluetooth with positive gain in both paths. Power …
